Library.

“Artificial intelligence systems are used in clinical practice to assist with medical imaging diagnosis, such as detecting cancers on radiology images.”

AI tools are already used in real clinical radiology settings to help detect or assess findings on medical images, including some cancer-related applications. The strongest evidence comes from government, peer-reviewed, and specialty-society sources describing FDA-cleared systems used as decision-support or second-reader tools. The main caveat is that use is uneven and these systems usually assist clinicians rather than diagnose on their own.

“AI-generated deepfake X-ray images are sufficiently realistic to cause radiologists to make incorrect diagnoses.”

The evidence confirms that AI-generated deepfake X-rays can deceive radiologists — with only 41% spontaneously detecting fakes in a major 2026 study — but it does not demonstrate that this deception causes incorrect diagnoses. The same study found comparable diagnostic accuracy on real versus synthetic images (91.3% vs. 92.4%), undermining the claim's causal assertion. The claim conflates "hard to detect" with "causes misdiagnosis," an inferential leap the available research does not support.