2213 published verifications avg. score 5.4/10 987 rated true or mostly true 901 rated false or mostly false
“Adolescents aged 16–18 are still developing the capacity for systematic deliberative reasoning, which makes them disproportionately susceptible to cognitive heuristics such as the gambler's fallacy, the illusion of control in games of chance, and optimism bias.”
Adolescents aged 16–18 are still maturing in brain systems involved in deliberation, but the stronger claim goes beyond what the evidence supports. Research does not consistently show that they are disproportionately susceptible to gambler’s fallacy, illusion of control, and optimism bias as a general developmental trait. Susceptibility appears highly context-dependent and is also influenced by experience, environment, and task structure.
“In 2004, Ladouceur and co-authors used interactive classroom activities with secondary school students to correct erroneous gambling cognitions, including the gambler's fallacy and the illusion of control.”
The evidence does not clearly support the specific 2004 study description. The interactive classroom activities aimed at misconceptions such as the gambler’s fallacy and illusion of control are documented under Ladouceur et al. in 2003, while the closely related 2004 Ladouceur-linked program appears to have been video-based. The claim blends details from nearby but distinct studies into one account.
“The Hungarian National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition (OGYÉI) estimated in 2023 that roughly 12% of Hungarian secondary school students engage in some form of online betting monthly.”
The 12% figure appears to be real, but the claim assigns it to the wrong institution. Available evidence ties the estimate to 2023 ESPAD data reported by Hungary’s National Focal Point and cited by the EUDA, not to a published OGYÉI estimate. It also refers specifically to 15-16-year-olds, not secondary school students as a whole.
“In South Africa, many people move from rural areas to urban areas to seek a better standard of living and quality of life.”
Evidence from South Africa-specific research shows that rural-to-urban migration is often motivated by hopes for better jobs, income, education, and services. That supports the claim’s core message. However, migration is also frequently driven by hardship, is often temporary or circular, and many migrants end up in precarious urban conditions, so improved quality of life is an aspiration rather than a typical guaranteed result.
“In 2021, the International Labour Organization stated that fishing has high rates of occupational accidents and work-related mortality compared with other productive activities, especially in artisanal fishing where informality predominates and labor protection systems are very limited.”
The core statement is well supported: ILO and independent evidence show fishing has very high occupational injury and mortality risks, with artisanal and informal fisheries often facing weaker protections. The limitation is that the provided evidence does not verify this exact wording in a specific 2021 ILO statement. Regional and fleet-level risk also varies, so the comparison should not be read as uniform everywhere.
“In human communication, 93% of meaning is conveyed through nonverbal cues such as body language and tone of voice rather than through the words themselves.”
The 93% figure is not a valid rule for human communication generally. It comes from limited studies about conveying feelings and attitudes when verbal and nonverbal signals conflict, not from all speech or all meaning. Nonverbal cues matter greatly in many contexts, but the claim turns a narrow finding into a universal percentage that the evidence does not support.
“Yuanta Securities Co., Ltd. had about a 20% share of Taiwan's margin-lending market in early 2025 or early 2026.”
The available evidence does not firmly establish that Yuanta held about 20% of Taiwan’s margin-lending market in early 2025 or early 2026. The main support is self-reported company material with unclear definitions, while cited market-wide sources do not clearly verify it and one contemporaneous outside figure puts the share closer to 17% in 1H25. That makes the claim plausible but overstated as presented.
“After Singapore's independence in 1965, Goh Keng Swee shifted Singapore's economic focus from entrepot trading to a manufacturing-based economy linked to global markets.”
The historical record supports the core point: after 1965, Goh Keng Swee pushed Singapore more decisively toward export-oriented manufacturing tied to global markets. Archival and academic sources show this became a central growth strategy. The main caveat is that industrialization efforts and the EDB began before independence, and entrepot trade remained important rather than disappearing.
“People need to drink extra water to compensate for dehydration caused by drinking coffee.”
The evidence does not support the idea that coffee generally dehydrates people enough to require extra water. In typical amounts, coffee contributes to daily fluid intake and does not cause meaningful net dehydration in most adults. A mild diuretic effect can occur at high caffeine doses, but that does not justify a blanket rule that people must compensate with extra water after drinking coffee.
“Ancient Greece is considered the cradle of democracy.”
Reliable academic and educational sources widely describe Ancient Greece, especially Athens, as the cradle or birthplace of democracy. That characterization refers to its historical reputation and influence, not to a claim that Athens created the only or fully modern form of democracy. Important nuances remain, but they do not change the core accuracy of the statement.
“The English word "democracy" comes from the Greek words "demos" (people) and "kratos" (rule).”
The standard etymology supports this claim. English democracy ultimately comes from Greek dēmokratia, built from dēmos (“people”) and kratos/-kratia (“power, rule”). The fuller transmission passed through Latin and French, but that does not change the core origin described here.
“Joseph Stalin rapidly industrialized the Soviet Union, transforming it from a predominantly agricultural country into one of the world's major powers.”
The historical record supports the core of this statement. Under Stalin, the USSR industrialized rapidly through the Five-Year Plans, shifting from a largely agrarian economy toward heavy industry and emerging as a leading industrial-military power by World War II and especially after it. Some Soviet growth statistics are overstated, and the transformation carried severe coercive human costs.
“Tsar Nicholas II ruled the Russian Empire with total authority and used the Okhrana to govern.”
Nicholas II held very strong autocratic power, especially before 1905, but the claim overstates it by calling his authority "total" across his reign. After 1905, the Duma and formal state institutions imposed at least limited constraints. The Okhrana was a secret-police and surveillance organ, not the main governing apparatus of the Russian Empire.
“In most countries classified as democracies, the legal maximum term length for the national parliament or lower house is three or four years.”
Available comparative evidence points the other way. The best source, IPU PARLINE, says lower-house terms are almost all four or five years, with three-year terms rare. Because many democracies have five-year legal maxima, the claim that most democracies fall into the three-or-four-year group is not supported.
“In classical Athens, male citizens participated in political decision-making directly by voting on various matters.”
The historical evidence strongly supports this description of classical Athenian politics. Adult male citizens in the Assembly directly voted on major public matters, including policy, war, and other civic decisions, using recognized voting procedures. Important limits existed—especially exclusion of non-citizens and agenda control by institutions—but those do not negate the core fact of direct political voting by male citizens.
“In a democracy, individuals have rights including freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, and the right to criticize government actions.”
The statement accurately describes core civil liberties widely associated with democratic government. Constitutional, human-rights, and civic-education sources support speech, religion, press freedom, and criticism of government as standard democratic rights. The main caveat is that these rights are not absolute and are protected unevenly across different democracies.
“Abraham Lincoln described democracy as "government of the people, by the people, for the people."”
The historical record firmly supports this attribution. Multiple authoritative texts of the Gettysburg Address show Lincoln using the phrase "government of the people, by the people, for the people," and the claim does not depend on him having invented it. Earlier similar wording exists, but that does not affect the accuracy of saying Lincoln described democracy this way.
“A natural yogurt factory should be designed for a batch production capacity of 500 to 2,000 liters per lot.”
The evidence does not support a universal design recommendation of 500–2,000 liters per batch for natural yogurt factories. Authoritative regulatory and sanitary sources in the record do not prescribe any batch-capacity range, while the supporting figures mainly come from equipment sellers. That range may fit some small-to-mid commercial setups, but factories are also commonly designed below 500 liters or at much larger scales depending on business needs.
“In Mexico, cancer accounts for approximately 14% of annual deaths.”
Available official mortality data for Mexico do not support a 14% share. Recent INEGI registered-deaths statistics consistently put malignant tumors at about 11–12% of all deaths, not around 14%. Some other sources report cancer death counts or modeled estimates, but without a matched same-year total-deaths denominator they cannot substantiate the claim.
“Electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors can detect metabolites such as glucose and lactate associated with tumor metabolism.”
Published studies support that electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors can detect tumor-related metabolites such as glucose and lactate. Evidence includes cancer-cell and tumor-sample experiments using glucose- and lactate-oxidase sensors. The main caveat is that many demonstrations are proof-of-concept or ex vivo, so capability is established more clearly than routine clinical use.